{"id":1894,"date":"2016-01-06T21:42:01","date_gmt":"2016-01-06T20:42:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.fanjoe.be\/?p=1894"},"modified":"2016-01-06T21:50:49","modified_gmt":"2016-01-06T20:50:49","slug":"raspberry-pi-fsck-au-demarrage","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.fanjoe.be\/?p=1894","title":{"rendered":"Raspberry Pi : fsck au d\u00e9marrage"},"content":{"rendered":"

Introduction<\/h1>\n

Il peut parfois \u00eatre utile de v\u00e9rifier l’int\u00e9grit\u00e9 des donn\u00e9es sur un volume (disques, cl\u00e9fs USB, …) afin de pr\u00e9venir la corruption du syst\u00e8me de fichiers.<\/p>\n

Malheureusement, il est fortement d\u00e9conseill\u00e9 d\u2019effectuer cette action sur un volume mont\u00e9. Et comme il n’est pas possible de d\u00e9monter le volume syst\u00e8me, nous agirons au d\u00e9marrage.<\/p>\n

Proc\u00e9dure<\/h1>\n

Analyse manuelle<\/h2>\n

Pour analyser et r\u00e9parer le syst\u00e8me de fichiers de Linux, nous utiliserons la commande fsck<\/code>.<\/p>\n

$ sudo fdisk -l<\/pre>\n
\u00a0\u00a0 Device Boot\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Start\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 End\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Blocks\u00a0\u00a0 Id\u00a0 System\r\n\/dev\/sda1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 2048\u00a0\u00a0 488397167\u00a0\u00a0 244197560\u00a0\u00a0 83\u00a0 Linux<\/pre>\n
On d\u00e9monte le volume \/dev\/sda1<\/code> :<\/p>\n
$ sudo umount \/dev\/sda1<\/pre>\n
Et on v\u00e9rifie le volume :<\/p>\n
$ sudo fsck \/dev\/sda1<\/pre>\n
Si tout se passe bien, vous devriez obtenir ce genre de retour :<\/p>\n
fsck from util-linux 2.20.1\r\ne2fsck 1.42.5 (29-Jul-2012)\r\nRPi-USB-Dsk\u00a0: propre, 7518\/15269888 fichiers, 43242703\/61049390 blocs<\/pre>\n
Si non, fsck vous proposera de r\u00e9parer les erreur en tapant \u00ab\u00a0y<\/code>\u00ab\u00a0.<\/p>\n
Une fois l’op\u00e9ration termin\u00e9e, on remonte le volume :<\/p>\n
$ sudo mount \/dev\/sda1<\/pre>\n
Analyse au boot<\/h2>\n
Red\u00e9marrage<\/h3>\n
Commande Shutdown<\/code><\/h4>\n
Pour effectuer une analyse des volumes au d\u00e9marrage, on utilise cette commande (en respectant la casse) :<\/p>\n
$ sudo shutdown -rF now<\/pre>\n
-r<\/code> pour restart
\n-F<\/code> pour fsck<\/code><\/p>\n
Le Raspberry Pi va red\u00e9marrer et effectuer un fsck<\/code> des volumes.<\/p>\n
Au prochain red\u00e9marrage<\/h4>\n
Pour effectuer un fsck<\/code> au prochain red\u00e9marrage (pas obligatoirement imm\u00e9diat), on va cr\u00e9er un fichier \u00e0 la racine du syst\u00e8me avec cette commande :<\/p>\n
$ sudo touch \/forcefsck<\/pre>\n
\u00c0 tous les d\u00e9marrages<\/h3>\n
Si vous voulez ex\u00e9cuter un fsck<\/code> lors de tous les d\u00e9marrages, on va \u00e9diter le fichier suivant :<\/p>\n
$ sudo nano \/etc\/default\/rcS<\/span>\r\n<\/span><\/pre>\n
Et modifier la derni\u00e8re ligne comme suit :<\/p>\n
# automatically repair filesystems with inconsistencies during boot\r\nFSCKFIX=yes\r\n<\/pre>\n
Sources :<\/span><\/p>\n
http:\/\/xmodulo.com\/automatic-filesystem-checks-repair-linux.html<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Introduction <\/p>\n
Il peut parfois \u00eatre utile de v\u00e9rifier l’int\u00e9grit\u00e9 des donn\u00e9es sur un volume (disques, cl\u00e9fs USB, …) afin de…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1897,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[10,3,173,12],"tags":[222,188,22,133],"class_list":["post-1894","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-geek","category-informatique","category-linux","category-raspberrypi","tag-fsck","tag-linux","tag-raspberry-pi","tag-raspbian","end"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/www.fanjoe.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/fsck-00.png","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fanjoe.be\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1894","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fanjoe.be\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fanjoe.be\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fanjoe.be\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fanjoe.be\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1894"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.fanjoe.be\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1894\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fanjoe.be\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/1897"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fanjoe.be\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1894"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fanjoe.be\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1894"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fanjoe.be\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1894"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}